Precision Conservation Using Multiple Cellulosic Feedstocks

The project is designed to demonstrate and evaluate precision conservation practices that integrate and compliment biomass production for cellulosic ethanol production from multiple feedstocks’. Ethanol production in South Dakota is currently based on corn grain using a dry or wet milling process. However in the near future (3-5 years) a cellulosic process based on enzymatic processing of pretreated biomass will begin to enter the biofuel markets and co-exist with production of ethanol from corn grain. Initially corn stover will be the feedstock of choice but this will soon begin to include other feedstock such as perennial grasses. Guidelines for stover/straw removal, annual – perennial biomass rotations, fertilization, and other agronomic practices need to be developed that are site specific. Precision conservation applies conservation practices to optimize protection of natural resources, sustain soil productivity, and protect ecological goods and services within the landscape. This project will evaluate precision conservation practices applied to typical landscapes in Eastern South Dakota that are most likely to be involved in intensive biofuels production. The proposed project will be conducted on cooperating producer fields. Evaluation of management practices involving multiple cellulosic feedstocks will be conducted in MLRAs 102A, 102B/C, 55B, and 55C of South Dakota where much of the biomass production is expected to occur. Measurements will be made of biomass and grain production, biomass removed, biomass Energy potential, residue cover, soil quality, carbon balance, erosion and sediment loss potential, nutrient distribution within the landscape, and leaching potential. Comparisons will be made of contrasting management practices to include variation in biomass removal, and landscape specific location of biomass crops including prairie cordgrass, switch grass, and corn. The evaluations will be used to develop site specific technical guidelines, fact sheets, and technical specifications for use by NRCS and the SD Extension service.